Tishomingo is the largest city in, and the county chair of, Johnston County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 3,034 at the 2010 census, a decline of 4.1 percent from the figure of 3,162 in 2000. It was the first capital of the Chickasaw Nation, from 1856 until Oklahoma statehood in 1907. The city is house to Murray State College, a community speculative with an annual enrollment of 3,015 students. Tishomingo is part of the Texoma region.

Tishomingo was named for Tishomingo, who died of smallpox upon the Trail of Tears near Little Rock, Arkansas, after the Chickasaws had been removed from their original homelands in and around Tishomingo, Mississippi.

Before the founding of Tishomingo in 1852, the area was known as “Good Springs”, for the presence of several springs that made the Place a usual campsite along the road amid Fort Washita and Fort Arbuckle. A small town had replaced the obsolete campsites with permanent structures and had been renamed “Tishomingo” by 1856, when it was designated as the Chickasaw capital. A post office was customary in 1857.

The Chickasaw Capitol Building was constructed in 1897 from local red granite and officially dedicated in 1898. It housed the tribal governor, the bicameral legislature and supplementary government officials and clerks. The territorial court after that met there from times to time. The territorial handing out was dissolved at statehood. In 1910, the building was sold to Johnston County, becoming the county court house.