Cherokee is the largest city within, and county seat of, Alfalfa County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,476 at the 2020 census, a decrease of 1.5 percent from 2010.

After the home opening of 1893, developers wanted to attract railroads to construct through the former Cherokee Outlet to transport the large wheat crops to markets. The Kansas and Oklahoma Construction Company, through its auxiliary the Cherokee Investment Company, bought 100 acres (40 ha) along its route, platted the town which it named Cherokee, and held a sale of lots upon February 9, 1901. Cherokee officially incorporated in July 1901. Two years later, the Kansas City, Mexico and Orient Railroad (later owned by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway) constructed a origin through Cherokee. To gain access to the railroad, residents of the clear community of Erwin, which already had a say office by that name, relocated to Cherokee. Erwin next ceased to exist and Cherokee took its place. This herald office was renamed “Cherokee” in March, 1903.

By 1905, a second railroad, the Denver, Enid, and Gulf, built a pedigree through the community. The community was soon transformed into a dominant regional middle for agricultural services, banking, wholesale-retail trade, and transportation, providing markets and facilities to the surrounding smaller communities, such as Ingersoll, Burlington, Driftwood, Byron, and Amorita. The town grew on the subject of its twin railroad depots, and by 1909 Cherokee had three banks, three newspapers, three mills (flour, alfalfa, and planning), a authentic block plant, and a school desk factory. There were also Baptist, Catholic, Christian, Friends, Methodist, and Presbyterian churches.

Alfalfa County itself – named after Governor ‘Alfalfa Bill’ Murray – was created at the time of statehood in 1907, when the give access reorganized several counties out of share of what was in imitation of the much larger Woods County. Cherokee’s status as the approved county seat of Alfalfa County was stated in January 1909. The city’s combination was reconfirmed in March of that similar year.