Sturgeon is a city in Boone County, Missouri, United States. It is share of the Columbia, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 872 at the 2010 census.

Sturgeon was laid out in 1856 very close to and eventually including the town of Prairie City. The town was incorporated in 1859 subsequently Housen Canada as the first mayor and rechartered in 1875. It was named for Isaac H. Sturgeon, superintendent of the North Missouri Railroad. Colonel W. F. Switzler speculated that the depot was considered in Sturgeon because it bore the read out of the railroad magnate, but six citizens who paid six thousand dollars finalized the deal. The first school-house was built in 1857, and in 1882 the white and colored schools had 301 students gone an average daily attendance of 187. The first church, built in 1859, was the Methodist Episcopal Church South, with the Masonic lodge located above. The first beforehand industry in Sturgeon was the broom factory, established in 1878, of S. A. Fretwell. The brooms were made of broom corn grown in the area, and brushes made of imported jute. In 1882, the factory turned out virtually 360 brooms daily

In the spring of 1857, a tornado passed exceeding the town and blew the length of several houses, including a further building of 300 square feet (27.87 m) and three stories tall, purposed for a hotel. The first large blaze took place on July 19, 1882. That evening, a flame was discovered in Wood’s Saloon, already bursting through the roof. The butcher’s shop, three saloons, three large livery stable buildings and sheds, and three other buildings were burned. The Sturgeon Savings Bank was saved from fire “by covering the roof with rug and sprinkling heavily like salt.”

In the fall of 1953, the first Amish relatives moved to the house just north of Sturgeon. Now the community has expanded to more than sixty families. Most of the Sturgeon Amish adhere next door to to their beliefs and are classified as Old Order Amish, meaning they follow a extremely conservative Ordnung: self-sufficiency, charity, and individualism are entirely important. The community in Sturgeon and Clark perform many successful home businesses, selling sorghum, eggs, chicken, peanut brittle and fabricate in season.