Huntsville is a city in Randolph County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,376 at the 2020 census. It is the county chair of Randolph County.

Randolph County was organized February 2, 1829, and Huntsville was received as the county chair in 1831. Daniel Hunt, a Kentuckian, was the first settler of Huntsville, in award of whom the town was named. He settled here amid 1820 and 1821. He was soon followed by William Goggin, Gideon Wright and Henry Winburn, also from Kentucky. William Goggins conventional a mill here, the first in the county. They entered the house from the government on which Huntsville is located and donated 50 acres for a town site, giving 12 1/2 acres each forming an true square, the showground of the court home being the center.

The Randolph County Courthouse houses the later county governmental offices: Assessor, Randolph County Commissioners, Collector, Recorder of Deeds, Treasurer and County Clerk. The first courthouse was built in the center of the public square at the correct meeting dwindling of the four parcels of land; it was completed by June 13, 1831. It was razed in either 1858 or 1859. The next courthouse stood on the same site between 1858 and 1882. On August 12, 1882, a fire, consumed the courthouse. The third courthouse was completed in April 1884. Another flare occurred in July 1955. The current courthouse stands in the similar location as the native court building.

In 1838, the Potawatomi Indians passed near Huntsville on the Trail of Death. A marker was dedicated on September 11, 1997, with Potawatomi descendants present. It reads as thus: “On October 17 and 18, 1838, about 850 Potawatomi Indians camped close Huntsville, on their quirk from northern Indiana to Kansas; a goaded march accompanied by soldiers. Having travelled 13 miles in cold, rain, a flooded camp caused them to stay a second day.” The marker is located upon the tummy lawn of the Randolph County Courthouse.