Lonaconing is a town in Allegany County, Maryland, United States, located along the Georges Creek Valley. It is part of the Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,214 at the 2010 census.

The first non-Native American settlers in the late 18th century were explorers, hunters and farmers. Surnames of some of the first settlers were Dye, Duckworth, Green, Grindle, Fazenbaker, Grove, VanBuskirk, Knapp, and Miller. The first rock house, built in 1790, in Knapps Meadow, just north of Lonaconing, was owned by Samuel VanBuskirk. The home still stands and is a private domicile as of 2016. The Lonaconing Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Lonaconing is the birthplace of Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Robert Moses (“Lefty”) Grove, (1900-1975), who played notably for the old Baltimore Orioles, 1920–1925, during their well-known string of six straight championships in the “Triple A” (AAA) minor league level of the International League, and unconventional for Connie Mack’s Philadelphia Athletics, (1925-1933) and the Boston Red Sox, 1934–1941, of the American League. Grove’s “Most Valuable Player” Award is the unaided one not upon display at the National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, as it is displayed at the George’s Creek Library of the Western Maryland Regional Library system.

On January 20, 2021, the fourth largest Powerball and sixth largest lottery jackpot ticket in U.S. history was sold at Coney Market, a user-friendliness store in Lonaconing, to an anonymous winner.