Barton is a town in Allegany County, Maryland, United States, located along the Georges Creek Valley. It is part of the Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 457 at the 2010 census.

The Reverend William Shaw, a Methodist minister settled on the site of Barton in 1794. His son, William Shaw Jr. laid out the town in 1853, naming it for his father’s hometown, Barton-upon-Humber, England.

The discovery of coal in the area attracted more settlers. They came from Scotland, Ireland and Germany, eager to proceed in the mines. In 1853, the first shipment of coal was made upon the newly built Georges Creek Railroad. Eventually, all the deep coal mines had been lonesome and replaced by strip mines, several of which are yet in operation and can be seen from the town. Today, most families in Barton are supported by new types of employment.

The first gristmill powered by a water wheel was built on Moores Run by Henry Ingram. It was just about 200 to 300 ft. from the confluence of Georges Creek. The mill at Moores Run was owned and tended by Mathias Ball. Ball also owned and ran a tannery at Butcher Run in Barton. The second gristmill was built at Mill Run south of Barton, it was called the Morrison Mill, and was owned by John Morrison. The Morrison Mill was located where Mill Run flows into Georges Creek. John Haymaker as well as tended the Hockenberry Mill past Hockenberry took over. The third mill was the Shaw Mill, built by the Shaw family. It was a large mill built of stone at Moscow. It was torn the length of in the summer or fall of 1961.