Eutaw ( YOO-taw) is a city in and the county chair of Greene County, Alabama, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 2,937. The city was named in award of the Battle of Eutaw Springs, the last engagement of the American Revolutionary War in the Carolinas.

Eutaw was laid out in December 1838 at the epoch that Greene County voters chose to relocate the county seat from Erie, which was located upon the Black Warrior River. It was incorporated by an exploit of the let in legislature upon January 2, 1841.

As the county seat, Eutaw next developed as the trading center for the county, which developed an economy based upon cultivation and presidency of cotton, the chief commodity crop in the antebellum years. The crop was lucrative for major planters, who depended on the labor of enslaved African Americans and built Good homes in the city. Many have been preserved. Eutaw has twenty-seven antebellum structures upon the National Register of Historic Places. Twenty-three of these are included in the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw multiple property submission. The Coleman-Banks House, Old Greene County Courthouse, First Presbyterian Church, and Kirkwood are listed individually. Additionally, the Greene County Courthouse Square District is a listed historic district in the heart of downtown. A available property, Everhope Plantation, is afterward listed in the register.

During the Reconstruction Era, Eutaw was the site of a number of Klan murders and acts by insurgents. The county courthouse was burned in 1868; the prevailing theory for the blazing of the courthouse is that it was intended to destroy the history of some 1,800 suits by freedmen against planters, which were virtually to be prosecuted. On March 31, 1870, the Republican county solicitor, Alexander Boyd, was shot and killed at his hotel following resisting being taken by a masked help of armed Klan members. (An early-20th century historian of the Klan claimed the charity was from Mississippi.) That similar night, James Martin, a black Republican leader, was killed near his house in Union, Alabama, also in Greene County.