Bowling Green is an incorporated town in Caroline County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,111 at the 2010 census.

The county seat of Caroline County previously 1803, Bowling Green is best known as the “cradle of American horse racing”, the home of the second oldest Virginia Masonic Lodge, and the current location of the oldest constantly inhabited house in Virginia.

The town of Bowling Green was earlier known as New Hope. One of the old-fashioned stage roads in the colony ran through the area from Richmond to the Potomac River, where a ferry crossing was operated to Charles County, Maryland. One of the first stage lines in America to preserve a regular schedule operated along this road. New Hope Tavern was built along the road in the 18th century and the area around it became known as New Hope.

The town was renamed for “The Bowling Green” which was the plantation of town founder, Major John Thomas Hoomes, who donated the estate and funds for a additional courthouse subsequently the community became the county chair in 1803. The heritage of the plantation’s broadcast is not definitive but may be based on the 2-acre (8,100 m²) green sward in belly of the plantation home itself. The Bowling Green Estate was the site of one of the first tracks built to race horses in America. The plantation house, pre-Georgian tidewater colonial in style, was built circa 1741. A prominent colonial landmark, it is one of the oldest houses in native condition in Virginia and is listed on both the Virginia Landmarks Register and the National Register of Historic Places.