Canadian is a city in, and the county chair of, Hemphill County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,649 at the 2010 census, up from 2,233 in 2000. It is named for the approachable Canadian River, a tributary of the Arkansas River. Incorporated in 1908, Canadian is sometimes called “the oasis of the High Plains”. Canadian is upon the eastern side of the Texas Panhandle, close to the attach with Oklahoma.

The trails along the river are older than recorded history. Francisco Coronado came through the area in 1541 in a vain search for the Seven Cities of Cibola. Early settlers had thought the river would flow everything the quirk to Canada. In 1840, Josiah Gregg and 34 men from Missouri passed through Canadian in imitation of trading goods worth $25,000 even if en route to Santa Fe, New Mexico. In 1849, parties headed for the California Gold Rush passed through, led by Captain Randolph B. Marcy. In the 1870s and 1880s, hunters, cattlemen, and settlers alike used the trails as the Panhandle was opened for Anglo-American settlement.

Canadian had a Baptist academy. Robert Moody (1838–1915), a banker, rancher, and academy trustee, built the Moody Hotel downtown to reflect upon the well along of the community. The three-story, brick-veneer structure replaced the former McIntosh Hotel. The changeable opened late in 1910 with 40 guest rooms and an oak stairway. The hotel flourished until varying travel patterns caused it to close. It was purchased by traveler merchant Nahim Abraham in 1950 and now houses the Abraham Companies, operated by his great-grandsons. Robert Moody’s grandson, Robert R. Young, also a indigenous of Canadian, was subsequent to the chief official of the New York Central Railroad.

A portion of the Tom Hanks movie Cast Away was filmed in Canadian.