Amarillo ( AM-ə-RIL-oh; Spanish for “yellow”) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the chair of Potter County. It is the 14th-most populous city in Texas and the largest city in the Texas Panhandle. A part of the city extends into Randall County. The estimated population of Amarillo was 200,393 as of April 1, 2020. The Amarillo-Pampa-Borger gather together statistical area had an estimated population of 308,297 as of 2020.

The city of Amarillo, originally named Oneida, is situated in the Llano Estacado region. The availability of the railroad and freight benefits provided by the Fort Worth and Denver City Railroad contributed to the city’s addition as a cattle-marketing middle in the late 19th century.

Amarillo was subsequent to the self-proclaimed “Helium Capital of the World” for having one of the country’s most productive helium fields. The city is as well as known as “The Yellow Rose of Texas” (as the city takes its name from the Spanish word for yellow), “Yellow City” for its name, and “Rotor City, USA” for its V-22 Osprey hybrid plane assembly plant. Amarillo operates one of the largest meat-packing areas in the United States. Pantex, the forlorn nuclear weapons assembly and disassembly talent in the country, is in addition to a major employer. The location of this skill also gave rise to the nickname “Bomb City”. The attractions Cadillac Ranch, and huge Texan Steak Ranch are located adjacent to Interstate 40. U.S. Highway 66 plus passed through the city.

Large ranches exist in the Amarillo area; among others, the defunct XIT Ranch and the still functioning JA Ranch founded in 1877 by Charles Goodnight and John George Adair. Goodnight continued the partnership for a era after Adair’s death once Adair’s widow, Cornelia Wadsworth Ritchie Adair, who was subsequently the sole owner from 1887 until her death in 1921.