Lebanon is a city in and the county chair of Warren County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20,841 at the 2020 census. It is allowance of the Cincinnati metropolitan area.

Lebanon is in the Symmes Purchase. The first European settler in what is now Lebanon was Ichabod Corwin, uncle of Ohio Governor Thomas Corwin, who came to Ohio from Bourbon County, Kentucky, and settled upon the north branch of Turtle Creek in March 1796. The site of his cabin is now upon the grounds of Berry Intermediate School on North Broadway and is marked following a monument erected by the Warren County Historical Society.

The town was laid out in September 1802 on land owned by Ichabod Corwin, Silas Hurin, Ephraim Hathaway, and Samuel Manning in Sections 35 and 35 of Town 5, Range 3 North and Sections 5 and 6 of Town 4, Range 3 North of the Between the Miami Rivers Survey. Lebanon was named after the Biblical Lebanon because of the many juniper or Eastern Red cedar trees there, similar to the Lebanon Cedar. It is known today as “The Cedar City”.

City legend has it that Lebanon didn’t grow as large as Cincinnati or Dayton because of the ‘Shaker Curse’. During their migration, the Shakers arranged an area outside of town was a normal place for them to create a homeland for themselves. There was a disagreement with some of the locals and it was said the Shakers placed a curse on the city to hinder the city’s prosperity. In reality, the Shakers thrived in the area, and built a agreement about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Lebanon called Union Village. A local man, Malchalm Worley was their first convert. Since the Shakers did not engage in procreation, they relied on converts to mass their numbers. By 1900, there were not far off from no Shakers left in Ohio.