Greenville is a city in and the county seat of Darke County, Ohio, United States, located close the western edge of Ohio approximately 33 miles northwest of Dayton. The population was 13,227 at the 2010 census.

Historic Native American tribes in the region included the Wyandot, the Delaware, the Shawnee, the Ottawa, the Chippewa, the Pottawatomi, the Miami, the Weea, the Kickapoo, the Piankasha, the Kaskaskia and the Eel River tribe. These participated in the Northwest Indian War, their effort to repel European Americans from the Northwest Territory.

Greenville is the historic location of Fort Greene Ville, which was built in November 1793 by General Anthony Wayne’s Legion of the United States during the Northwest Indian War. Named for Revolutionary War hero Nathaniel Greene, its defenses covered just about 55 acres (220,000 m), which made it the largest wooden fort in North America. The fort was a training arena and base of operations for the ~3000 soldiers of the Legion and Kentucky Milia prior to their march northward in August 1794 to the Battle of Fallen Timbers. A year after the battle, the Treaty of Greenville was signed at the fort upon August 3, 1795, with chiefs of the tribes that had confronted the US. This brought an halt to the Indian wars in the Place and opened the Northwest Territory for European-American settlement.

Fort Greenville was solitary by the Army in 1796; it was partly burned vanguard that year to way in nails used in its construction. Some of its logs were carried away by local settlers to be reused in building the new treaty of Dayton, Ohio to the south. In the War of 1812, what remained of the fort was refitted by the Army; it was used as a supply depot and staging area. The olden European-American settlers came in 1807; the city of Greenville was officially founded in August 1808.