Taylorsville was established on the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad in 1900. The site was prearranged by an employee of the railroad, and soon after a publish office was built. The declare office was originally located roughly five miles away in Old Taylorsville (now a community located off of Mississippi Highway 531), but was forward-looking moved to New Taylorsville. It was the upsetting of the proclaim office to New Taylorsville that standard the present location of the town.

Soon after, the Old Stringer Hotel was built. Many years later, in 1946, it was burned next to in an arson fire. The town of Taylorsville was founded therefore of the extensive pine forests that mount up in Smith County and the surrounding areas. The enormous majority of the Place was clip by Eastman-Gardiner. As lumber was a unconditionally plentiful resource, new businesses and homes both were rapidly built.

Today, the lumber industry remains a vital part of the town’s economy, with Georgia Pacific having two lumber government plants and one chemical plant (Plywood and Chemical Divisions in West Taylorsville, and the Paper Division in East Taylorsville) in the city.

Today, the city is a bustling little town full of life. There are several major companies that have major branches (or are even headquartered) in Taylorsville, and the town has several stores and gas stations. It has several restaurants, including Catfish Cabin, 28 Diner and Los Charros. It also has a junior scholarly vocational training capacity run by Jones College, formerly known as Jones County Junior College.