Roscoe is a village in Winnebago County, Illinois, along the Rock River. It is in a suburban Place of the Rockford, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the village population was 10,785, up from 6,244 at the 2000 census. The Place has been undergoing a epoch of rapid growth. There have been numerous attach disputes taking into consideration its neighbor to the west, Rockton, Illinois, and expansion and annexations continue by both villages. Recent mass has included the Promontory Ridge and Hidden Creek custom home subdivisions east of the Illinois Tollway, I-39/I-90.

Though decided in the 1830s, Roscoe was incorporated as a village in 1965. The village was named after Roscoe Township. Harlem-Roscoe Fire Department Station Three, located at 13974 Willowbrook Rd, was hit by an EF-1 tornado on May 22, 2011. Path length was 1 mile long and 50 yards wide, no injuries were reported.

According to the 2010 census, Roscoe is located at 42°24′53″N 89°0′38″W / 42.41472°N 89.01056°W / 42.41472; -89.01056 (42.414841, -89.010470). Roscoe has a total area of 10.435 square miles (27.03 km²), of which 10.36 square miles (26.83 km) (or 99.28%) is house and 0.075 square miles (0.19 km²) (or 0.72%) is water.

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,244 people including 2,211 households and 1,740 families residing in the village. The population density was 675.1 inhabitants per square mile (260.7/km²). There were 2,277 housing units at an average density of 246.2 per square mile (95.1/km). The racial makeup of the village was 95.26% White, 1.91% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.82% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.74% from new races, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.50% of the population.