The City of Florence is a Statutory City located in Fremont County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 3,822 at the 2020 United States Census. Florence is a part of the Cañon City, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Florence was built as a transportation center, with three railroads including a little railroad depot for the trains that hauled coal from the adjacent to towns of Rockvale and Coal Creek. After a small oil was discovered north of Canon City at Oil Spring, commercial total oil was discovered in Florence in 1862, Florence became the first significant oil middle west of the Mississippi. In the at the forefront 1880s the town grew rapidly. The city was named after Florence, the daughter of local settler James McCandless. The town was incorporated in 1887.

The Downtown Florence Historic District was listed upon the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

Florence is in eastern Fremont County, on the south side of the Arkansas River. It is bordered to the west by the town of Williamsburg, and the town of Coal Creek is 3 miles (5 km) to the southwest. Colorado State Highway 115 runs northwest 9 miles (14 km) to Cañon City and northeast 6 miles (10 km) to Penrose, intersecting U.S. Route 50 in each direction. Colorado State Highway 67 leads north 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to US 50 and south 11 miles (18 km) to Wetmore. Pueblo is 33 miles (53 km) to the east via CO 115 and US 50.