Aguilar is a Statutory Town located in Las Animas County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 456 at the 2020 United States Census. Cattleman and prominent buccaneer José Ramón Aguilar founded the town in 1894.

The town was named for give leave to enter legislator J. Ramon Aguilar. Aguilar owned the home that the town was built on. A state office was acknowledged at Aguilar in 1890. In 1894 the town was incorporated.

From September 1913 until late April 1914, much of Las Animas County was embroiled by the Colorado Coalfield War, which wise saying up to 12,000 pro-United Mine Workers of America strikers engaged in both peaceful and violent confrontations once the Rockefeller-owned Colorado Fuel & Iron Company, other mining outfits, strikebreakers, and the Colorado National Guard. On 29 October 1913, the Aguilar herald office and several new town structures were destroyed in an arson raid related to the strike. The National Guard arrested several strikers higher than the violence and handed them more than to the federal U.S. Marshal Service.

Following the Ludlow Massacre on 20 April 1914, strikers launched numerous attacks of both coordinated and spontaneous natures next to mining operations, strikebreakers, and the National Guard in what is known as the Ten-Day War. One of the attacks was launched adjacent to Southwestern Mine Co.’s Empire Mine upon 22 April, where armed strikers goaded non-striking miners and their families into the mine and began an all-night siege outside. After intercession led by Aguilar’s mayor and a church minister named McDonald, the strikers single-handedly the siege before fatalities upon either side were reported.