Montgomery is the capital city of the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County. Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands adjacent to the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 2020 census, Montgomery’s population was 200,603. It is the second most populous city in Alabama, after Huntsville, and is the 119th most populous in the United States. The Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area’s population in 2020 was 386,047; it is the fourth largest in the welcome and 142nd in the midst of United States metropolitan areas.

The city was incorporated in 1819 as a mixture of two towns situated along the Alabama River. It became the disclose capital in 1846, representing the shift of gift to the south-central Place of Alabama taking into consideration the enlargement of cotton as a commodity crop of the Black Belt and the rise of Mobile as a mercantile port on the Gulf Coast. In February 1861, Montgomery was fixed the first capital of the Confederate States of America, which it remained until the Confederate chair of dealing out moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that year. In the center of the 20th century, Montgomery was a major middle of happenings and protests in the Civil Rights Movement, including the Montgomery bus boycott and the Selma to Montgomery marches.

In addition to housing many Alabama admin agencies, Montgomery has a large military presence, due to Maxwell Air Force Base; public universities Alabama State University, Troy University (Montgomery campus), and Auburn University at Montgomery; two private post-secondary institutions, Faulkner University and Huntingdon College; high-tech manufacturing, including Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama; and many cultural attractions, such as the Alabama Shakespeare Festival and the Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts.

Two ships of the United States Navy have been named after the city, including USS Montgomery.