Arlington is a house rule-class city in Carlisle County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 324 at the 2010 census, a Fall from 395 in 2000. It was formally incorporated by the give leave to enter assembly in 1876.

Arlington was founded in 1873 as a End along a predecessor lineage of the Illinois Central Railroad. The other city was initially known as “Neville” after Robert Buckner Neville, who owned the land on which it was established. Several developers wanted to rename the city “Holtsville” after local accretion owner Tom Holt. To prevent a dispute, the railroad settled upon the name “Arlington” after Arlington Heights, Virginia, the hometown of a railroad official. The additional city was incorporated in 1876.

When Carlisle County was created in 1886, Arlington was initially fixed as the chair of the new county. The friendly city of Bardwell challenged this, however, noting its more central location within the county. County officials agreed, and moved the chair to Bardwell snappishly afterward.

Arlington is located in southern Carlisle County at 36°47′29″N 89°00′41″W / 36.791299°N 89.011398°W / 36.791299; -89.011398. U.S. Route 51 and Kentucky Route 80 intersect in the city. US 51 leads north 6 miles (10 km) to Bardwell, Kentucky, and 21 miles (34 km) to Cairo, Illinois, while leading south 23 miles (37 km) to Fulton on the Tennessee line. KY 80 leads west 6 miles (10 km) to Columbus on the Mississippi River and east 23 miles (37 km) to Mayfield.