Trempealeau is a village located along the Mississippi River in Trempealeau County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,843 at the 2020 census. The village is in the midst of the Town of Trempealeau.

An ancient Native American site subsequent to earthwork mounds, also known as Trempealeau, has been studied near the village through archeological excavations in the 21st century. It is theorized as a realistic mission site or colony of Cahokia, the major middle of Mississippian culture from 1000CE to 1450CE located 500 miles to the south in present-day Illinois close St. Louis, Missouri.

Studies have been the end through the Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center joined with the University of Wisconsin Madison. Archeologists Danielle Benden and Robert “Ernie” Boszhardt said they have found some evidence of Mississippian pact about 1050E. The newcomers are believed to have introduced corn culture to the area. The archeology site is slightly downriver of the prominent landmark, Trempealeau Mountain. In 2013 evidence was found of several former structures that exhibited characteristics of Mississippian style. There is some evidence that a religious activity came here from Cahokia, perhaps fleeing persecution.

European-American harmony did not take place here until the mid-19th century, although French and English fur traders interacted afterward Native Americans of the area from the colonial times and into the 19th century. A herald office called Trempealeau was first traditional in 1852. The village was named after a genial island in the Mississippi River, that named by a French explorer.