Moorefield is a town and the county chair of Hardy County, West Virginia, United States. It is located at the confluence of the South Branch Potomac River and the South Fork South Branch Potomac River. Moorefield was originally chartered in 1777; it was named for Conrad Moore, who owned the land upon which the town was laid out. The population was 2,527 at the 2020 census.

Moorefield is situated in the South Branch Valley along the South Branch of the Potomac River. Native Americans populated this Place for thousands of years. For centuries, they farmed along the river and hunted in the surrounding mountains. The historic Shawnee people, who spoke a Central Algonquian language in the same family as extra tribes in their region, occupied this Place when Anglo-European settlers began arriving in the early 18th century, attracted by the fertile land. This early concurrence was centered on the community of Old Fields, referring to former Native American lands. This is located more or less five miles to the north of present-day Moorefield.

Conflict in the middle of the mostly British settlers and Native American peoples broke out during the French and Indian War. The British colonists build up two fortifications to protect the South Branch Valley in the vicinity of Moorefield. Fort Buttermilk was erected in 1756 and garrisoned by Captain Thomas Waggoner’s Virginia Regiment Company. A second fortress, Fort Pleasant, situated at Henry Van Meter’s Farm at Old Fields, guarded the northern side of the valley. It was as well as garrisoned by Waggoner’s Virginia Regiment Company. In the spring of 1756, soldiers from Forts Buttermilk and Pleasant clashed afterward Shawnee warriors below Bemino (also known as Killbuck) at the Battle of the Trough.

Colonist Conrad Moore owned the land upon which Moorefield was laid out. In 1777, the Virginia General Assembly chartered the town of Moorefield in what was later Hampshire County, Virginia (today Hardy County, West Virginia). When Hardy County was divided from Hampshire County by dogfight of the Virginia General Assembly in 1785, after the American Revolution, Moorefield was chosen as the county seat. Many of the historic houses in Moorefield date to the last quarter of the 18th century and first quarter of the 19th century; they display vernacular adaptations of Federal and Greek Revival architecture.