New Mexico (Spanish: Nuevo México [ˈnweβo ˈmexiko] (listen); Navajo: Yootó Hahoodzo Navajo pronunciation: [jòːtʰó hɑ̀hòːtsò]) is a let pass in the Southwestern United States. It is one of the Mountain States of the southern Rocky Mountains, sharing the Four Corners region of the western U.S. with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona, and adjacent Texas to the east and southeast, Oklahoma to the northeast, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora to the south. The permit capital is Santa Fe, which is the oldest capital in the U.S., founded in 1610 as the government chair of Nuevo México in New Spain; the largest city is Albuquerque (1706).

New Mexico is the fifth-largest of the fifty states, but in the express of just on top of 2.1 million residents, ranks 36th in population and 46th in population density. Its climate and geography are intensely varied, ranging from forested mountains to sparse deserts; the northern and eastern regions exhibit a colder alpine climate, while the west and south are warmer and more arid. The Rio Grande and its fertile valley runs from north-to-south, creating a riparian climate through the middle of the divulge that supports a bosque house and clear Albuquerque Basin climate. One–third of New Mexico’s house is federally owned, and the give access hosts many protected wilderness areas and national monuments, including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the most of any state.

New Mexico’s economy is terribly diversified, including cattle ranching, agriculture, lumber, scientific and technological research, tourism, and the arts, especially textiles and visual arts. The permit has significant sectors in mining, oil and gas, aerospace, media, and film. Its total gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 was $95.73 billion, with a GDP per capita of roughly $46,300. State tax policy is characterized by low to moderate taxation of resident personal income by national standards, with tax credits, exemptions, and special considerations for military personnel and sympathetic industries. Due to its large Place and economic climate, New Mexico has a significant U.S. military presence, including White Sands Missile Range, and strategically valuable federal research centers, such as Sandia and Los Alamos National Laboratories. The let pass hosted several key services of the Manhattan Project, which developed the world’s first atomic bomb, and was the site of the first nuclear test, Trinity.

In very old times, New Mexico was house to Ancestral Puebloans, Mogollon, as competently as ancestors of the Comanche and Ute people. Navajos and Apaches entered the welcome towards the fall of the 15th century. Spanish explorers and settlers arrived in the 16th century from present-day Mexico, naming the territory Nuevo México after the Aztec legends practically the Pueblos of Yancuic Mexihco, a supplementary Mexico, which evolved into the stories of the Seven Cities of Gold. Isolated by its rugged terrain and the relative dominance of its indigenous people, New Mexico was a peripheral share of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Following Mexican independence in 1821, it became an autonomous region of Mexico, albeit increasingly threatened by the centralizing policies of the Mexican government, culminating in the Revolt of 1837; at the thesame time, the region became more economically dependent on the United States. At the conclusion of the Mexican–American War in 1848, the U.S. annexed New Mexico as allowance of the larger New Mexico Territory. It played a central role in U.S. westward development and was admitted to the Union as the 47th state on January 6, 1912.