Fairfield is a town in Teton County, Montana, United States. The population was 759 at the 2020 census. Fairfield is the self-proclaimed “Malting Barley Capital of the World” with 83,000 acres (336 km²) of irrigated cropland and 56,000 acres (227 km) of non-irrigated cropland in production for the purpose of raising malt barley in the vicinity.^{[citation needed]}

Fairfield began as a station upon the Milwaukee and is along with Great Falls and Choteau and close Freezeout Lake, (from Cheney’s Names on the Face of Montana, Mountain Press Publishing Company) where as many as 300,000 snow geese and 10,000 tundra swans gather in March. Fairfield serves as a trading middle for the farmers of Greenfield Bench. Irrigation now assures crops, but in earlier days a abstemious summer made the grass rare and the name “Freeze-out Bench” was applied to the area. “Greenfield Bench” and Fairfield are now descriptive of the hay and grain fields surrounding the town.

Even while the federal management had opened this area of Montana to homesteading in 1862, not until 1909 did settlers in reality come into the Fairfield area when Congress liberalized this case allowing the settler 320 acres of free land instead of 160. It became apparent, however, that the little homesteads, 160 or 320 acres, made little sense in the gigantic and sober landscape of Montana. After the Bureau of Reclamation conducted a survey that showed a dam could be built in the Sun River Canyon and water for irrigation in Fairfield Place would be practicable were many more settlers attracted to Fairfield. The Gibson Dam was completed in 1929. Today, Greenfield Irrigation District delivers water from Gibson Dam to nearly 83,000 acres surrounding this community.

Fairfield is nicknamed the “Malting Barley Capital of the World”, a trade center for the gardening community as well as being house to Busch Agricultural Resources, 3 Rivers Telephone Cooperative and Sun River Electric Cooperative.